The Bangladesh Liberation War, 1971

The Bangladesh Liberation War, 1971India Pakistan War 1971 alike known as Bangladesh Liberation War was as armed conflict between India and eastern United States Pakistan against west contendd Pakistan. The war resulted in massive defeat of due west Pakistan and coitus interruptus of easterly Pakistan which is now known as Bangladesh. The war broke unwrap on November 14 1971, initially winning East Pakistan and western United States Pakistan, and ulterior joined by India after attack of railway line jacket Pakistan on the Indian telephone line Bases on celestial latitude third 1971. The war lasted until December seventeenth 1971. The cultural difference, economic exploitation, and language controversy between East Pakistan and West Pakistan led to separatist movement in East Pakistan. The army of West Pakistan launched exertion Searchlight to crush the movement. The massacre of thousands of civilians in East Pakistan was the main let of the war. This research paper exa mines the study of the major combats and tactics used by both militaries.India and Pakistan got freedom from British rule and became separate nations in sniffy 1947. Since then they fought many wars. In the year of 1971, East Pakistan which was the part of Pakistan in the first place started protesting against the policy of the Pakistani organization. Pakistani failure to accommodate demands for autonomy in East Pakistan led to a separatist movement. West Pakistani Government launched fierce campaign called Operation Searchlight to crush the separatist movement. In 1971 West Pakistani Army carried out genocide in East Pakistan. Millions were killed and most ten millions refugees fled to India during the genocide. India already suffering from humanitarian and economic crisis was not satisfactory to carry burden of 10 million refugees. India started aiding to the Liberation Army of East Pakistan also called as Mukti Bahini to make East Pakistan an independent state and reconstr uct those refugees back to their homeland. This way the war in Eastern Theater started engaging Indian Military, West Pakistani Military and Liberation Army. To release the extort from the soldiers fighting in the East Pakistan and, to draw worlds attention away from the Genocide, West Pakistani Air storm attacked Indian Air Bases on December 3rd 1971. After the attack, India tallyicially entered into war with West Pakistan.December 3rd 1971, 5.45 pm in evening, Pakistan launched massive attack against India by bombing Indian Airfields at Amritsar, Pathankot, Srinagar, Avantipur, Uttarlai, Faridpur, Chandigarh, Ambala and Agra. Pakistans main intention was to carry out massive air attack like the one that Israel carried out against Egypt in 1967 destroying Egyptian Air force tout ensemble.It was pre-emptive strike to destroy the Indian Air big businessman (IAF) completely before launching massive ground attack. The Pakistani Air Force (PAF) plane came in formation of 2, 3 and 6 and could not brace any irreparable damage to Indian planes or to Runway. Pakistan Air Force didnt succeed because of the simple reason that the Israeli plan that was studied and rehearsed by PAF was also studied by IAF. So the Pakistani attack on Indian Air bases was partially known to IAF thats why IAF took necessary anxiety for such kind of attack. The Indian command had dispersed most of its war planes from the forward air field to the interior areas which were away from the normal drop of Pakistani Bombers. IAF took the precaution of hiding their planes inside the concrete pens so that unless direct hit can destroy the plane. Almost all the Indian airfields were protected by the ack-ack anti aircraft guns hidden under the camouflaged netting.In response to Pakistani attack, Indian Air Force planes took off for Pakistan at the mid iniquity 12.30 Am on December 4th 1971. Indian bombers attacked almost all Pakistani air fields in the West at bottom 5 hour of taking to the a ir. IAF flew 500 sorties on the first night of attack. IAF flew equal amount of sorties in east and west but did more(prenominal) damage in East Pakistan. IAF destroyed half of the strength of PAF in east and PAF was left with only 9 Sabre Jets in the east. On 6th December 1971 IAF carried out 120 sorties for ground attack only. The IAF aeronaut went to Attock to bomb Pakistani Refinery. Along with that, they destroyed eight railway invest carrying military supplies and ammunitions and 22 wagons of goods train. IAF destroyed Pakistani target such as Bridges, Petrol Pumps, tanks, armored vehicles etc. IAF pilots carried out attacks on the PAF airbases at Mianwali, Murid,Sargodha, Sharkot, Chander and Risawala. During the 14 Day war period, IAF flew some 4000 stories in the west and 2000 in the East.IAF also helped ground troops in many ground battles.In the horse opera Theater of war, the Indian Navy under the command of Vice admiral Kohli achieved success by attacking Karachis p ort in the code named Operation Trident on the night of 4-5 December. Pakistani Naval headquarters was based at the historic and strategic port of Karachi here almost their entire pass by was concentrated. Pakistan attacked on Indian Airbases on December 3rd so it wasnt executable to carry out attack on the same night for Indian Navy. The attack was planned for the night of 4-5th December which was to be coordinated by continuous aerial bombardment from the IAF. The first attack on Karachi was to be undertaken by the Killer squadron which had these three missile boats INS Nipat, INS Nirghat and INS Veer later come with by INS Kiltan and INS Vidyut. The fleet moved closer to the Pakistani land in the darkness of night. When the fleet was 70 miles away from Karachi, the squadron commander (K-25) B.B Yadav detected a contact at a distance of about 45 miles and a second contact about 42 miles northeast. That was the Pakistani destroyer Khaibar which failed to invite orders on invest igation possible contact south of Karachi. K-25 ordered INS Nirghst to bobby pin the contact in northwest. When INS Nirghat saw destroyer coming straight at the force, it launched a missile. When Khaibar saw a bright light approaching her they cave in fir anti aircraft gun mistaking it to be an aircraft. The missile stricken Khaibar and exploded below the aft galley about 22.45hrs Pakistani time.