Television Habits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Television Habits - Essay Example in that respect atomic number 18 some advantages to allowing children to view television programming. Educational programming like Barney, Sesame Street, and Dora the Explorer atomic number 18 designed to promote growth and instruction. Educational programming teaches valuable skills like spelling, reading, and math. Some programming teaches values, sustenance lessons, and proper dietary habits. Commercials ar beginning to educate children about the negative effects of drugs, alcohol and roll of tobacco encouraging families to spend time together. When viewed properly, television undersurface be a strong educational mechanism and a means for families to spend some quality time with each other. Television reckon should wind instrument to discussions to reinforce learning and to answer questions about the content of the program which was confusing or unclear.Although there are some advantages to allowing children to watch television, there ar e many more advantages to limiting television. Limiting television can create more time for family gathering and activities. Interaction with family provides opportunity for children to imitate and learn values and skills from parents. Children who are encouraged to play instead of watching television benefit from exercise and kindly interaction with adults and children and this helps bring out appropriate favorable skills and healthy children. Television is not interactive and can only teach done devices like repetition and music, which does not reinforce learning. Teaching a child without the use of television or as a secondary educational source can provide reinforced learning. Hands-on activities and social interaction on topics related to the television learning will ensure that the children have learned demand skills.Many television programs teach violence and sex while smoking, alcohol, or drugs are oftentimes pictured as fun party activities or cool to do with friends. Watching television for lengthy periods often conduces to an inactive lifestyle creating obesity among children. Children become less responsive to surroundings when set in introductory of the television and attention spans become shorter. Watching educational programs can promote learning and if parents watch with children learning can be reinforced and questions can be answered. Viewing appropriate programming with children offers time for family and a better understanding of television content however, lengthy viewing times are harmful for both(prenominal) parents and children. Television viewing can lead to long periods of inactivity and the lack of exercise can lead to obesity. Childhood obesity can lead to a negative impact on necessary social skills. The most widespread consequences of childhood obesity are psychosocial. Obese children become targets of early and systematic diversity and as they mature, the effects of discrimination become more culture-bound and insidiou s (Dietz, 1998, 518). Childhood obesity can as well as lead to adulthood disease like diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure.The advantages of limiting childrens television viewing habits outweigh the advantages of increasing viewing habits toward educational programming. Quality family time away from the television should be reason out enough to turn off the television. Healthy children who eat right and exercise will create a healthier and happier society. Children

Neogiation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Neogiation - Assignment display caseIt is therefore correct to say that the refusal of the Union to hear the proposals was not done in good faith.The sectionalization that I rely upon in this matter is article XXXIV section 2 of the Collective talk terms Agreement. The section is clear about the 30 days notice to be given by the troupe intending to make the modifications. It further states that a conference is to be held 10 days before the expiration of the agreement. In this case, the agreement was expiring on June 15 2009 and the conference was held on 1 June 2009, 14 days before the expiration. The script shall, denotes that it was necessary for the communication to be done on the first day, but the action by the union was meant to bar the same from taking place. In fact, during the day, suggestions to the same effect had been made in the meeting.To avoid the combat that arose, it would pay back been better is the employer had allowed for negotiations. This was a collectiv e bargaining agreement and one party should not have seemed like the one imposing terms on the other. The employer should also have been clear on its aspiration and not waiting until 430 Pm to make a formal proposal. What is important is the inclination of the

Primary research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Primary research - Essay exampleThough de Vaus (2002) distinguishes between a survey and questionnaire, but at the same time it is also express by him that quite often questionnaire happens to be a part of the survey. Direction of the research is set depending upon how the selective data is analysed.To facilitate the results of this survey and ensure its usefulness to the researchers, the study aims at producing valid and reliable data. To this end, all answers leave alone be listed this includes those answers that were duplicated by multiple respondents. The put offs exit be formatted and designed to be read easily--ensuring that the information will be interpreted accurately. Vague answers with multiple possible interpretations will be further clarified to funk the chances of misinterpretation.Simple frequency tables will be apply to help draw out and sort the information gathered from the returned questionnaires. The number of responses reflecting each possible answer and the number of unique responses will be indicated on the accompanying tables. These findings will then be pulled together into a report format with preliminary notes and comments used to explain the presented information in detail.The research questionnaire is prepared to gain knowledge of the current HR scenario, acceptance level of such policies, working attitudes as well as practices that came in close relation with the in effect(p) management of companies. To this end, primary data will be collected through the responses of participants during the process. Similarly, an account will also be maintained of the hatful who do not wish to participate in the survey, when we approach them, for contrary reasons. This will be done purely for academic reasons, as it will also help in throwing some light on how the workers feel safe and secure enough while talking almost the HR policies. To gain the responses of about 100 people we might have to approach more people (say about 125-140 professionals because 25-40 people might decline to participate in the survey. We need to prepare a table to keep the record of respondents. Table can be prepared as follows.Table-1 Number of Respondents Age groups inhale in responsesDeclined to respondUpto 30 yrs31-40 yrs40+TotalSubsequently we can also enlist the reasons for verbalize no to the survey. Some of the responses could be as written in the table below (but we will be tabulating different types of other responses as well).Table-2 Reasons for saying No to respondReason for not RespondingAge

Should Life Imprisonment Without The Possibility Of Parole Replace The Research Paper - 1

Should emotional state Imprisonment Without The Possibility Of Parole Replace The Death Penalty - Research Paper Example groovy penalisation is carried forward in several countries to this day through different methods like hanging, gas chambers, torturing, electrocuting and liberal lethal injections. Many states of the world practicing this form of justice and have been challenged by human rights organizations for a dour time. Proponents of the Death penalty believe that people fear decease and if death is the punishment for killing someone, they would finish from it. They believe that in order to have a just system in place where the dupes family is put to ease it is important to have an eye for the eye approach. The criminal is guilty of victorious someones life so he is liable to give up his. If the person is mentally unstable to have done so it makes him more dangerous to the societys well-being and place him to death is the only way to ensure such crimes do not take pla ce through his hands again. However, opponents of the death penalty have a strong viewpoint as well. They believe that every(prenominal) life is precious and shouldnt be given up on. If a criminal is guilty committing gravid offense he should be subjected to punishments that take away his life figuratively, not literally. Also, many believe that victorious away a criminals life is too easy on him, the real punishment would be him leading a hard life that prolongs his sufferings for the crime he committed. Executing a death penalty is costly for the governments as such cases are tried for a long time resulting taint expenditures and security arrangements for the courts.

To Spy or Not to Spy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

To betray or Not to Spy - Case Study Exampleny is as productive as possible, the future(prenominal) chief operating officer intends to implement changes which will require employees to be more productive and managers to be more innovative. The latest market situation as identified in the case shows increasing competition and laxity of employees as well as stagnated management which does not recognize the benefits of changes within the contemporary business model.The facts of the case as relating to the key decision makers identified above revolve around the incoming CEO, Schwartz, whose intention to transform the follow proposes a series of changes among them an openly refutable suggestion to spy on employees. At the boardroom public lecture as he was addressing the management, Schwartz makes it know that he was for the idea that right technology was capable of making everything possible. glide by management such as Photo, Thuy, and Ali Khan did not seem to agree with the idea that the incoming CEO was trying to impose his philosophy on the the company and forcing everyone else to buy into it. On a rather misfortunate turn of events, Miller, the HR Director seized the opportunity of being the pioneer of presenting and innovation that could enhance the employee output at the company an idea that Schwartz coined to involve spying of employees internet and email activity. In his idea, Miller proposed a data collection program that could be used to monitor productivity but Schwartz idea was super resisted as it was depriving employees of privacy (Unit 3 Case Study. pp. 1-14)The symptoms occurring on the case represent a number of factors that do not fit within the expectations of every character. Areas of conflict in the case involve the very person-to-person nature of Schwartz and his history with implementing changes. With this fact overly anticipated, most of the managers already have negative opinion active his intentions. Technology as a means to imp rove performance and productivity is an acceptable factor with a downside every manager disagrees

Job Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Job Analysis - Assignment Example opposite overlapping duties I perform include smudge logistics, which should be handled by the logistics manager but oft overflow into my job description.Work standards have been established. They include set durations timelines for activities like cleaning, error margins, and cost effectiveness. For example, the view and all office items should be cleaned between 1800 and 2000 hours daily so that by the time employees arrive in the morning they work in a clean and conducive environment.Questions concerning employee contracts and remuneration, questions concerning employee attitudes and performances, questions concerning reviews and appraisals, and questions concerning staffing (Quible, 2014).I am responsible for retentivity employee information confidential. I ensure that each employees personal and work information is accessible just by me and senior management, not other employees (Quible, 2014).Ability to identify problems and weaknesses and come up with effective solutions, sentience and understanding of work requirements, and ability to provide logical justifications for actions (Quible, 2014)High level of safety is required, especially since the office is a habitable environment. Standard safety requirements are supplemented with personal responsibility and keenness (Quible, 2014). For equipment, all operational procedures and manuals must be followed.The office manager position is a critical position that requires a troop of skills, knowledge, and acuity to execute effectively (Quible, 2014). The office manager is an important member of the organization and the duties involved affect the highest level of

Injection Using Moldflow Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Injection Using Moldflow - stress ExampleThe process resulted in the production of a failed part and the chair factory requested persist to solve this problem from a plastics manufacturing company. Deep investigation and analysis with the help of Moldflow software were conducted and the conclusion was that the work used for the production of this chair was incapacitated to produce parts identical to the target grade callable to low tonnage duty capacity (Shoemaker, 2006).Not all plastic have identical physical and rheology properties. As a result, selecting a suitable grade for an application is an essential step in designing molds. to each one mold can run only a few ranges of plastic grade within very(prenominal) properties (Shoemaker, 2006). In general, high viscose material like PC need large machine tonnage capacity, unlike low viscose material that requires lesser machine tonnage.The speaker had a clear accusative and his findings were presented with lots of confidence as evident in the constant eye contact kept with the consultation. In addition, the speaker confidently verified and ensured that the audience understood his results while retaining an audible voice. Furthermore, the speaker also allowed the audience to express their opinion while taking feedback and questions arising from the intro. As for discussions and knowledge exchange, the presenter used a presentation perspective that encouraged brainstorming amongst participants in the audience.The presentation slides had a background that perfectly contrasted the font causing clear and legible slide contents. In addition, the presenter used a font type and coat that was uniform through all slides, while the additional or supporting visuals aids like pictures, graph, and lifespan slides were characterized by high-quality resolution.

What is human nature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What is hu populace character - Essay ExampleThe issue of human fulfillment is an issue that has never really been understood to its fullest since man has learnt to think. Writers and philosophers of every time have attempted to answer this question and no final word is gettable to mankind.The occurrence of the matter lies in the fact, that man ass non achieve fulfillment if he does not think this, plain as a proposition is considered to be impossible. By goodness of undertaking things, dealing with them, and ultimately be deceived by them, it becomes all the more evident to man that there is a reality that exists.This reality backside be identified with, and the highest goodness can subsequently be put wholenessd by means of thinking. musing gives insight, and ultimately self-actualization. There can be no better strength than realizing ones accepted potential of existence. on the whole our endeavors or desires primarily follow from the necessity of our intrinsic nature. T his concept given by him refers to the identification of the role that the human being yields and associates from within himself. Whatever one might seek or ask, it is basically a product of how one identifies with the concept of self. The most significant goodness here becomes knowing about oneself. A person, who realizes himself, is truly the most successful of all.Desires, passions and restraints of the material world, can only be understood with reference to the person. Therefore, if and when a person appreciates his own personal standing and inception, it subsequently becomes the greatest source of endowment and fulfillment for the person. The primordial factor here is about insisting on oneself and never imitating. This again is a propagation of the whim that an individual should at all times try to be what he/she is, and not impose a figure, picture of personality which is not a true depiction of the same. If one has the tendency to doubt ones self-image, whence true actu alization of self can never be there. The concept of uniformity of behavior and mind has always triggered the minds of thinkers. However, it is interesting that both of these present a similar stance on the said subject. It is not naturally desirable for anybody to maintain an existing thread of ideas and/or actions. To be able to appreciate and attain the highest order of fulfillment, the greatest goodness here would be to not pay heed to social and away challenges, and keep representing ones own personality as it is. If in the face of conflict, one tends to shy away from the true sense of being, then it can never really come out. Under normal circumstances, it is always straightforward to portray oneself however, the true test of character is when there is opposition, and yet still a person can attain goodness by means of beings what he truly is. though this conflict may take care ironically contrary to the actual concept of life itself, yet this line answers probably the grea test enigma of life - being bad. The ultimate attainment in life therefore would be in the fact that one can appreciate its true essence, and not be afraid of the process of good or bad itself. It is only after this, that one would be able to overcome all the subsidiary issues of life, and would exit to a stance wherein he would seek to discover the power within himself. Once this is accomplishment, nothing else would see difficult. Despite being in different eras of time and possessing differing fortes of frame of references, yet we see a illustrious comparison between their views on the said subject. Again, the interesting thing is that it is not a man of a particular culture, creed, time or race that is referred to. Their concepts are so intense, deep and universal, that even at this hr they can be identified with, and a sense of fulfillment may be sought if one wishes so. On the significant role played by nature in the behavior of man, both these opinions interject. Though nature has been a sort of subjective reality for the sake of many philosophers,

Case analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Case analysis - Essay ExampleThe management postulate to change this policy, and initiate a rotational policy, where employees would manage to work at different sections of the elicit department. other area that the management should change is favoritism. An example of favoritism occurs Denise, a new employee manages to get two vaulting horse an hour, as opposed to other experienced workers such as Dan.This is because Denise is only three months old into the barter, and she is earning more(prenominal) than other workers, despite carrying out the same job. This is a de-motivating factor that needs to be handled and corrected. Dan is also an sniffy leader, who does not follow rules, and he finds pleasure in harassing his employees (Robbins & Judge, 2010). For instance, he does not allow his employee a 45 minute lunch break as required by the company. Instead, he requires his employees to have a 30 minute break, which is not sufficient. Furthermore, he abuses Alex, regarding his mental ability, which is very bad for a supervisor to do. This aspect has to be changed, because it is a de-motivator, and it manages to destroy the confidence of his employees and workforce. This would in turn make these employees not to be productive.One of the theories of indigence that applies to this case, is Maslows hierarchy of needs theory. According to this theoretical framework, the needs of an individual are classified into quin categories, with higher needs being self-actualization, and self-esteem (Hoffmann, 2007). Self actualization and self-esteem lack in this produce department.All these lack at the produce department, under the leadership of Dan. This is because people cannot advance in their careers, because they are given the same job year for a longer period of time. Furthermore, the job is not challenging, because the same job daily is boring and frustrating. This is the reason Alex was considering leaving the organization. Self-esteem also lacks at this depar tment, because the

Analysis of Modern US History Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Analysis of Modern US History - Research Paper causeDuring the Depression coal miner was given permission to change or modify government policies because of their steadfast trustfulness in him. Collier initiated what is called the Indian bare-assed Deal which was a revolutionary approach to Native American reforms. He was a staunch believer of cultural pluralism and understood the importance of ethnic values and participation solidarity and therefore adopted an acculturated approach in order to assimilate the Native Americans into the mainstream society. James Stuart clearly describes how Collier attacked the Indian problem and finally succeeded in assimilating the Native Americans into the dominant society. In his enlightening give he tells us how Collier met with a lot of opposition from American critics but he hard believed in his goals and wanted to fulfill them at any cost. The earlier allotment program had been a study social and economic disaster and so he set out to r econstitute the tribes and enhance their traditional land base. In bringing near other reforms, Collier went a step further in convincing President Roosevelt to abolish the Board of Indian Commissioners as he felt that it was a spacious obstacle in the wake of reform. (Pg. 109) Collier wanted the Native Americans to play a more spry role in decision making and sent them for specialized training for the management of their land and essential resources. He also insisted that the Federal Government should not in the name of assimilation suppress the finishing and tradition of the Native Americans but on the other hand should help in preserving their nativity. Stuarts go for also states that with the full support of President Roosevelt, Collier was in a position to bring about other reforms involving relief measure to the Native Americans. The Congress passed the Pueblo Relief Act on May, 31st, 1933 granting additional stipend to the Native Americans who had been inadequately pai d by the Pueblo Lands Board. (Pg. 110) He also implemented the New Deal edict to give relief to the destitute Native Americans who suffered greatly during the Great Depression. (Pg. 110) Stuarts book is a genuine eye-opener as it helps us to understand the political situation post-1933 and the reforms that were brought out during the period after the Great Depression. Harold L. shekels and Lee E. Ohanian in their clause titled How Government Prolonged the Depression shed light on the reforms that were introduced by the Federal government in lieu of putting an end to the crisis of the Great Depression. In addressing the crisis the New Deal was introduced and raised hopes that the economic downturn would change its course and work out in their favor. The article tells us that the primary aim of the New Deal initiative was to encourage Americans to get back to work. However, tally to Harold L. Cole and Lee E Ohanian, this did not happen for the mere fact that employment was not res tored because on an average there was much less work.

Logistics - Transport and Inventory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Logistics - Transport and Inventory - bear witness ExampleHowever, with the advent of technology, the complexity of logistics has been greatly reduced (Ault, 2003). There has recently been development of requisite assumption software to handle the complications involved.Inventory (also known as stock) is the name used to refer to the materials and goods a employment insane asylum keeps to ultimately resell (or repair). Inventory management as a science is concerned with the special(prenominal) percentage amount of goods in stock, on with their shape. It may be required at various locations in a facility or in different locations of one supply network (Button, 2011). Factors to consider in this field involve replenishment time, available inventory space, carrying costs, management of assets, forecasting and valuation of inventory, inventory visibility, visible inventory, future forecasting of inventory prices, quality management, defective goods, replenishment and returns. It i s necessary to balance these requirements for the business establishment to run optimally. An establishment set aside for the storage of such goods is known as a storage warehouse (Montano, 2004).Warehouses can be used by manufacturers, wholesalers, importers, exporters, customs, transport businesses, etc. For many years, storage and retrieval of goods from warehouses has been physically done and controlled. This means that a great deal of human resource has been used. This has led to delays, more expenses along with common preventable human mistakes. With this in mind, most major business establishments have nowadays do in place an automated storage and retrieval systems (ASRS). These systems are computer-controlled and they place and retrieve loads from particular(a) defined locations (Eden, 2002). Such systems were formally applicable to many business facilities that produce large scale goods. With time, however, the surface of goods has slowly grown smaller. It is now easier to install

In the heart of the sea the tragedy of the whaleship essex analysis Term Paper

In the heart of the sea the tragedy of the whale transmit essex outline - Term Paper ExampleThe main aspect in the story is the whaling ship Essex as thoroughly as its in play offs who determineds out for whaling and gets destroyed by an attack of a sperm whale. The story background is set during the year 1819 when the whale ship having a crew of twenty people abroad sets out for a two year voyage. The ship faces disasters for nearly adept and a half years and gets rammed by the sperm whale and sank in the pacific. All the crew gets on to common chord whaleboats and were lost at sea for three unbearable months equipped with short rations and very little fresh water. This situation leads to death due to starving as well as killing by early(a)s for food. During the course, one boat gets disappeared and the other two gets separated. When the render time arrives at the coast of Chile, only five men had survived this tremendous trial by ordeal. This includes the captain and the first mate as well as three others rescued from a nearby Henderson island. The story brings out an date of reference of life giving its readers a nostalgic and tragic picture of the whaling industry and its society. The story relies upon the narratives of two survivors. virtuoso of the survivors has just been found through his narratives, the hardships of life of a whaling sailors are descripted in a very arouse humansner. His narratives include modern medical knowledge of the physical and mental effect of starvation. The book also has descriptions of other two shipwrecks as well as stories of survivors who loved their rest of their lives as well as an entranceway to the recent work of the Nantucket whaling museum. The heart of the sea is one of the greatest sea stories ever written. It has an extraordinary ordeal of ordinary men along with a wealth of whale lore as well as a brilliantly described portrait of the ones who are lost among the unique community of Nantucket whalers. It is the story of man against nature. The impact of the shipwreck of Essex had far sighted impact on the community of Nantucket. It inspired many writers including the populace of world classic Mobi Dick by Hermann Melville which was written on the basis of this story. The community consisting of about sevener thousand people lived on a gently sloping crowded with houses and topped by airlift mills and church towers. The community lived here peacefully. Only the sea below was crowded with activity. The destruction of the ship Essex cast a shadow on the family of crew members. Children lost their joyfulness due to their loss of their fathers. save the destruction and its aftermath teached the community a new type of psychology of survival and the incidence of cannibalism in extreme conditions. The destruction also had an impact on the nation. Since it was times of economic depression every one looked at the whaling community with expectations. The whaling industry was concentra ted in and around Nantucket and it was shortly going to become one of the wealthiest towns in America within a short span of time. Destruction of Essex created a shadow in their prosperity expectations. The capsizing of the ship was blockbuster news in New England and New York during the 1820s. The survival manoeuvre became well known tribulations about people going without food for very long periods. The author Nathaniel Philbrik has apply the narrative of Owen Chase to write this book he also has taken into report the uncovered account of cabin boy

Environmental Issues in Canada Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Environmental Issues in Canada - Essay ExampleSooner or later the ozone layer is going to split wide open and the gentleman beings and the animals will affected for the most part because of this. Skin cancer will become very common in human beings and this will in any case have other serious repercussions on human beings. This paper will largely focus on the environmental problems that exist in Canada. A comprehensive analysis of some of the most predominant problems in Canada will also be provided in this paper.The levels of mordant come down are unprecedentedly high in Canada and this is because of the pollution. On Feb. 2, 2007, the United Nations scientific panel studying climate qualify declared that the evidence of a warming trend is unequivocal, and that human activity has very alikely been the driving force in that change over the last 50 years. The last report by the group, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, in 2001, had found that humanity had likely play ed a role. (Science, 25 March 2008).Global Warming, Acid rainwater and the depletion of the ozone layer will heavily affect the life of human beings the depletion of the ozone layer will make human beings more vulnerable to skin cancer. The flora and fauna will inevitably get affected because of both the above concerns. Acid rain is acidic in nature and any rain which consists of unusual amounts of acid can be called as acidic rain. The main cause of acidic rain is the emission of north and sulfur this is because of the human activities. There have been many laws introduced by the government to keep a limp on human activities which trigger off acidic rain. Acidic rain is believed to have devastating come to on aquatic life, animals, and most importantly on the health of human beings. Acid rain is a problem in eastern Canada because many of the water and soil systems in this region lack lifelike alkalinity - such as a lime base - and therefore cannot neutralize acid naturally. (Where is Acid pelting A problem 25 March 2009). Areas like Nova Scotia are severely affected because of acid rain and the damage done in these areas are beyond repair. Canada has to join hands with the US in separate to stop the devastation caused by acid rain Canada alone cannot fight against acid rain. Only if Canada joins hands with the US this potential problem can be solved. The US is largely responsible for more than 50% of the acid rain caused in Canada and this is exactly why the country must join hands with the US in order to deal with this big problem. In 1995, the estimated transboundary flow of sulphur dioxide from the United States to Canada was between 3.5 and 4.2 millions of wads per year. (Where do sulphur dioxide emissions come from 25 March 2009). The following diagram will bring to ethereal the environmental condition of CanadaThese figures were recorded for the year 2000 and now the level of SO2 is exceeding high. These factors contribute largely toward issu es like global warming and the depletion of the ozone layer. The Green House EffectThere are many super acid planetary house gases present on Earth, for instance Carbon dioxide which is exhaled by human beings is abundantly present in the Earths atmosphere. otherwise gases include Methane, Ozone, And Nitrous oxide etc. There are some very important gases without the presence of which the green house effect can never take place, those gases include

W.E.B. Du Bois Philosphy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

W.E.B. Du Bois Philosphy - Essay ExampleIn 1909, Du Bois was chosen to be among the co-founders of the National Association for the Advancement of colored People (NAACP). Du Bois had strong philosophies that advocated for the colours to be given attractionship roles and focuss to finish class and racial prejudices. He campaigned for political action and for the civil rights agendas using the Crisis magazine to inform the black Americans.Social change is unmatched of the philosophies of Du Bois that is revealed in the NAACP Rise of the Crisis, Decline of the Wizard that was published by David Levering Lewis. Du Bois argued that individuals could accomplish social changes by creating assorted small groups of the college educated blacks that he referred as the Talented Tenth. The leader believed that the Negro Race would be relieve by their exceptional men like all the other races. He noted that the issue of tuition among the Negroes was first dealing with the Talented Tenth. Du Bois noted that dealing with the best in their race would provide direction to the masses away from death and contamination of the worst (Lewis, 35-38).The philosophies of Du Bois were convey in the early issues of the Crisis Magazine when the leader stated that his main objective was to state facts and the arguments that display the danger of racial discrimination particularly the way it was manifested towards the colored people. The crisis magazine derived its name from believes of Du Bois who was the editor, that it was a critical time in history for the advancement of men. Du Bois expressed his philosophies when he decided that the editorial page would stand for the privileges of men, regardless of their race or color, for the utmost ideals of the American democracy, and for reasonable and persistent efforts to achieve the rights and apprehend the ideals (Rabaka, 50-55). Booker T. Washington was another great leader among the black community in the late 20th century who had var ious disagreements with Du Bois

Econ308 Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Econ308 Final paper - Essay Examplen not only were the methodological analytic methods altered, but what was analyzed shifted from a concern with examination of the holistic system, as evidenced in theories of production, labor theory of value, and capitalist accruement, to theories that were primarily concerned with the rational choices of individuals. age classic economic theorists presented their theoretical illustrations as a progression on the deficiencies of the classical model, the effect to which the neoclassical model is a progression on the flawed classical model is debatable. Although there are trenchant methodological differences dividing the classical and neoclassical approaches, a convincing argument could be made that the neoclassical model merely abandons the concerns of classical economics for an approach more suited to quantitative analytics. In investigating the extent that neoclassical economics freighter be deemed a progression on the classical model, this essay examines the trajectory of the classical and the neoclassical economic models, considers the extent to which their theoretical concerns overlap, and finally investigates the extent to which the neoclassical model can be termed a true progression on the classical model, or if the two model prepare separate approaches.There are a number of differences and similarities in the issues that classical and neoclassical economics address. Researchers ensconce the major distinguishing factors in the area of methodology, value theory, and economic analysis. In classical economics economists ask a number of central questions these issues include the nature of economic growth, and how is wealth distributed between the forms of wages, rent and profit. In tec these concerns classical economists approach the issues from a social science perspective. They emphasized how goods are accumulated and how surplus accumulation is implemented as a result classical economists from Adam Smith to Karl Marx were primary concerned with the

Implement capital investment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Implement bully investment - naming ExampleThe 20% that remains is the known as the allow and is held by the factor. The face value of the borrower and reserve difference is the amount that the borrower gets. Factoring is quick and has been adopted by many another(prenominal) companies to service of process them meet their capital investment plans (Alternatives to Loans, n.d.).Mostly referred to as new corporate ATMs, Hedge fund lenders have been the choice for many companies especially the high-risk firms. The size of the loan offered depends on the quality of the pitch that the borrower will make. Due constancy is used to determine whether or not to lend. With Hedge fund, lenders access to money is quick.Companies have turned to merchant cash advance to get money so as to implement their capital investment plans. merchandiser cash advance give companies cash advanced based on the corporations monthly credit card transactions. It best suits companies with high monthly credit card transactions (Alternatives to Loans, n.d.).In well-nigh cases, a company may require selling some of the assets that are less useful to the company. In other instances, it may lease out some of its assets at a favorable price. The income obtained will help in the implementation of the capital investment

African American and American Society Essay Example for Free

African American and American Society sampleIs racial discrimination a Permanent feature of American Society? Derrick toll argues in this issue that the prospects for achieving racial par in the United States atomic number 18 illusory for fatals. Bell reminds us despite the fact of the circulate of desolates in United States the legacy of slavery has left a portion of the race with life-long p everyplacety and sense devastating despair. Bell believes that race consciousness is so imbedded in whites that it is virtually impossible to inception above it.He as well as argues that few whites are able to identify with blacks as a collection and tend to view blacks through comforting racial stereotypes. Bell feels strongly that critical and proper psychometric test of the history of black-white relations supports his conclusion that racism is a permanent feature of American Society. Bell makes whatever good point about racism in the American society today. The fact tha t the psychical sever of racism is gone does not mean that racism as permanently left American Society. The fact that racism still exist is does not reflect on blacks success any longer.Majority of whites had a head start because their generation of success goes so umpteen years back, were as for blacks success was not allowed at a point in time. disastrouss develop come a long ways over the years but there is still racial discrimination that affects the black population. Dinesh DSouza does not total with Bell, he believes that racism is not a permanent Strain of fabric in the American Society. DSouza distinguishes between racial discrimination that is irrational, motivated by bigotry and which is rational from the point of view of the discriminator. DSouza admits that such discrimination may be harmful to individual blacks but he rejects any insouciant linkage between the lagging indicators of blacks overall progress with racial discrimination. He believes race is a diminish force within American society, DSouza argues that factors other than racial discrimination are the sources of lagging act toward the American Dream. DSouza reasoning for blacks not achieving more in America is because blacks fail to observe and cover up certain cultural norms of the dominant American Society.He implies that those who are successful exhibit cultural determine that promote success. He expresss blacks need to place a much greater emphasis on overcoming cultural barriers rather than continuing to assert that race is being held by a persistent racism that afflicts America. Blacks generation has come a long way in American Society. Racism shouldnt be the excuse for the failure in African American success when in 1919- current we have African American first. Slavery started around 1808 and ended in 1865 due to Lincoln Emancipation Proclamation.Racism was still in effect because the fact that blacks had rights was new. Still in all there were blacks who succeed unawa res after that time. Madame C. J. Walker was the first African American female who was a self-made millionaire. In 1893 Dr. Daniel vigorous Williams was the first black to perform open heart surgery. In 1908 Jack Johnson was the First African-American sphere heavyweight Champion. In 1993 Toni Morrison was the first African-American to win the Nobel Prize for literature. In 2009 Barack Obama was the first black chair of the United States, with the support of some whites.Racism still is permanent due to history but it is not an excuse for Blacks not becoming successful. Derrick bell major argument is that blacks are faced at the sink in of the well. Bell exclaims despite undeniable progress for many, no African American is insulated from incidents of racial discrimination. He states because of our modify we are threaten through our lives, careers. Dinesh DSouza states racism undoubtedly exists, but it no longer has the antecedent to thwart blacks or any other root in achieving their economic, political, and social aspirations.The arguments relates to the overall theme because yes, racism still occurs but it should not pun Blacks from achieving their aspiration. Bell major point is as a Black he experiences the racism. Blacks can bunk in a white residential area and experience racism because whites dismay the superiority of blacks. DSouza points out in his argument that racism is the least bit worries blacks should have, when there are black on black crime occurring. Racism should not be such an excuse for underprivileged blacks not achieving their goals.DSouza points out the facts where African Americans now live in a country where black man, Colin Powell, who three decades ago could not be served in eaterys, is now a Joint chief staff. alike a white man who supported the nomination of Clarence Thomas, a black man married to a white, for the Supreme Court. DSouza question is if white racism controls the density of blacks today, how one segment of bla ck community has prospered so much over the past generation. Some unsupported claims in bells argument was he says, forward-looking discrimination is, moreover, not practiced indiscriminately. Bell implies whites idolize black athletes and entertainers but refuse to hire and work with blacks. Bell also states whites who number individuals blacks among their closest friends approve, or do not oppose, practices that bar selling or renting homes or apartments in their neighborhood to blacks they do not know. Then in his argument he also states that most hotels and restaurants, who offer black patrons courteous treatment, uniformly reject black job applicants. Bell defense for this was When did you last see black waiter in a really good restaurant.These are unsupported claims because this may be true but there are no turn up facts that racist is the cause of these arguments. In DSouza arguments there were not any unsupported claims really found. DSouza stated his arguments and had acc urate information to support his defense. DSouza makes great points and has a lot of validity in his arguments. He states if blacks are going to reform their community, they have a right to expect that they will be treated equally under law.Hypothetically speaking DSouza implies if blacks were refused hire on every baseball team in America, blacks would nourish most because they would be denied the chance to play professional baseball. Fans would also die hard because the quality of games would diminish. He says But what if a few team-say the New York Yankees and the Los Angeles Dodgers- refused to hire blacks? African Americans has a group would hardly suffer at all, because they would offer there service to other teams. DSouza saying the Yankees and the Dodgers would suffer a great deal, because they would be deprived of the chance to hire talented blacks players.Eventually the competitive haul would force those teams to either hire blacks or suffer losses in games and revue. Then he makes other valid point he referenced from Gary Becker pointed out, in free market, selective discrimination imposes the heaviest cost on the discriminator where it should be. Some whites will undoubtedly discriminate against blacks but with deal with them because of the law and taste for profit. *Dinesh DSouza is an Indian American conservative political commentator, public intellectual and current president of the Kings College in New York City.He graduated from Dartmouth College, where he graduated with a B. A. in English. DSouza also published a book in 2007 called The Enemy at home the cultural left and its province for 9/11. In his argument DSouza used government documents, books, articles and oral very frequently. DSouza would state his opinion and have facts and documents to support his defense. No, the reading did not significantly add to my knowledge because these are issues that has been discussed for many years. In the article I did learn some new ways of think ing of Racism.This article did reach out my thoughts with the factual evidence the authors used to support their defense. I would recommend this article to be read to those who do not have a clear understanding of the term racism. The subject that was focus on in this case contract is racism a permanent feature of American Society? The case study focused on political, social and economic issues. Bell argued blacks will never gain full equality in American and DSouza argued that blacks have equality and racism is not important issue blacks should be worried about in today society.

Songs and Poetry Essay Example for Free

Songs and Poetry EssayDevelop a kit which contains the undermentioned * unity pains ( of a duration of 3 5 proceedings ) and one poesy * For the var., you may every retain an established cable and bring into being your own original lyrics or create your own tune as well as original lyrics * Your phone call and poem must meet the requirements of the syllabus and the computer programme standards of the primary ESL septroom * Provide a brief rationale/justification for your selection. * One lesson plan for a duration of 60 minutes for each of the selected vocal and poem. * Your lesson plan should include work palls, project sheets, etc. every(prenominal) in all disc everyplaceing aid ar to be submitted to transmither with the lesson plan. Your kid let on be assessed on the following criteria * Suitability of the vocal and poem selected in relation to the lesson planned * Originality and creativity of teaching ideas / activities designed * curtil progress of a gradation of activities that lead to successful coping of the int poleed learning come oncomes * Appropriate and a var. of teaching materials. You may present your kit in the following ways * In book allow mannequin * In a ring file with clear separator* Any other presentations which you deem to be effective and attractive. Justification / rationale for the selection of song . Song Old Pak Karim Had A levy ( fitted from Old Macdonald Had A Farm ) Genre Nursery Rhymes * Age * The song is suitable with the tar keeped congregation, year 3 KSSR because it contains a little vocabulary and the students are familiar with the words used in the song. For an example, cow, duck and pig. * topic * teacher should choose a poem that encourage and motivates the students.So I in the flesh(predicate)ly belief that the song that I build chose ordain motivate andengage the students in the lesson as it focuses on various types of brutes and the becomes they be meet. * improvemen t level * The rationale of choo prattle this song to be taught to a Year 3 students is also because of their proficiency level. At this primary level, I feel that the students are not exposed to difficult vocabularies but to that veritable comprehensible words.So, this important element fulfills the choice of my song that is Old Pak karim because it contains honest words . Not moreover that, the rhythm and the tempo of the song is also on par with the students proficiency level.It does not obtain a fast tempo and complicated music which will bore the students. * Interest * The song that I have designed for the Year 3 KSSR students, develops motivation among the students, develop imagination among them just about creature, stimulates curiosity, draw on personal experience. I belief that when a teacher proposes the students with a stimulus that the students have experienced before, it will make them to indulge in that particular lesson because it is virtuallything of their in terest. Directly this song will encourage active participation among the students, and create desire to continue learning.* Culture * This song will create a phenomena to expose the students whom are from urban areas and had never let onn farm animals such as cows, pigs and so on. By u sing this song, teacher will be able to expose the students with a farmers lifestyle and their culture. He/ she may explain the day by day routine of a farmer or different types of animals that can be found in a farm. * Resources * This song can be easily found in the internet and teachers could simply download the song and have an interesting lesson in the classroom. Lesson plan Date 21st March 2013Time 10. 00 11. 00 am mob Year 1 Number of students 25 students Students level Mixed ability class Theme human being of Knowledge Topic Animals and the sounds they make. Focused / Main skill Language Arts integrated skills Listening, spea world power and write Curriculum Specification 1. 1. 3 Able to listen to, say obstreperously and recite rhymes or sing songs with counselor. 1. 1. 4 Able to talk some a stimulus with guidance3. 1. 1 Able to demonstrate mulct motor control of hands and fingers by ( a ) handling objects and manipulating them. 4. 1.1 Able to enjoy greenhouse rhymes, jazz chants and action song through non-verbal response. 4. 1. 2 Able to recite nursery rhymes, jazz chants and sing action songs with correct pronunciation and rhythm. 4. 3. 1 Able to produce simple creative works with guidance based on ( a ) nursery rhymes 4. 3. 2 Able to take part with guidance in a performance based on ( a ) nursery rhymes planetary objective To expose students with different types of animals and the sounds they make. Specific Objectives By the closure of the lesson, students should be able to 1.Listen to the song and take part in an oral natural action with 100 % accuracy. 2. Enjoy and sing the song with 100 % accurate pronunciation. 3. Follow the actions and movements. 4. make believe a simple creative work, face m fill according to their characters they are appointed to. CCTS None Grammar Verbs lexicon Cluck, oink, quack, woof , moo breeding aids 1. Pictures of different types of animals. 2. White board 3. Song clip 4. Speakers 5. reckoner 6. Manila cards 7. Marker pens 8. String Moral value Love the animals. Cooperation. Group work. Sharing. Previous companionship Students are exposed to several(prenominal) types of animals and they have been taught to do animal masks. Stage / Time Content Teaching Learning activities Remarks / principle Set founding( +- 5 minutes ) Talking about oneself. 1. instructor gets into the class and mesmerize the students fear by asking them a few(prenominal) question about themselves. Ex Hello students, how are you all feeling today? * Do you have any pets at your house ? * Can you name some of the farm animals that you know. 2. After having the students to respond, teacher proceed to t he near peg of the lesson. Rationale The rationale for having a cardinal way interaction during a set induction is to ensure that the students are fudge physically and mentally. Having a two way communication will come apart a room for the students to speak out about themselves and motivates them to learn the lesson that has been designed for them for that particular day. Pre stage ( +- 10 minutes ) Introduction of a character. Different animals. 1. teacher paste a male character on the board and introduce him briefly to the students ( concern to extension 1 ) 2. Next teacher pastes pictures of various animals on the board.( Refer to appendix 2 ) 3. The teacher points out few students and get them to name the animals that has been pasted earlier. 4. Then, the teacher asks the students to make the sounds that the animals make. 5. instructor observes the students participation in the classroom. Remarks-Now let me introduce Pak Karim. He has few animals with him. While sta ge ( +- 20 minutes ) Listening comprehension -Cow, Duck, Chicken, Pig, Dog. 1. teacher plays a song clip ( Refer to appendix 3 ) and requires the students to limit and listen to him/ her. 2.Next, teacher plays the song clip and the students will have to sing the song a presbyopic with the teacher. 3. Then, the teacher plays the song again and this quantify with few movements and actions that is suitable with the animals. 4. Students mimic the actions and the movements make by the teacher and moves around the classroom to do the actions and movements together with the sound clip. 5. in one case the song has been sung, teacher ask few WH- question to the students. Ex what is the sound make by a dog? * What is the sound that a cow makes? * Oink, oink,oink is made by which animal? 6.Teacher calls out few students, one at a time and ask them to make sound and actions of sure animals that they have learnt earlier. 7. Energetic performance will be rewarded with claps. Rationale -Th is is to ensure that the students have listen and understand the song well. -Claps are considered as a positive reinforcement for the students which will encourage and motivate them to appease active and participate in the lesson. Post stage ( +- 20 Minutes ) Language arts 1. Teacher divides the students into 5 groups and appoint them to the animal characters that is involved in the song entitle Old Pak karim Had A Farm.2. all(prenominal) group must have 1 beginner, 2 intermediate and 2 advanced students. 3. Teacher distributes 5 pieces of A4 sized manila cards, strings and few marker pens to each groups. 4. Once the teacher is do with the distribution, she / he will have to give a clear instruction on what has to be done by the students. 5. Teacher walk around the classroom from one group to another to monitor the group activity. 6. After 15 minutes, teacher ask the students to wear the mask that they have created and get them to make the sound of the animals by pointing to one group to another.7. Then the teacher proceeds to the next stage of the lesson. RemarksThe students will have to share some of the materials among the group members. This will indirectly teach them how to be tolerant and to work in a group. Closure( +- 5 Minutes ) Lets sing along 1. Teacher asks the students whether they are ready to sing a song. 2. Teacher ask the students to stand up and sing along the song with the teacher. 3. Each groups will have to make sound when their respective characters appears in the song. 4.Teacher ends the lesson by instilling clean-living values among the students. Ex - You should perpetually love the animals. * You should not torture or kill them. RemarksThe students sing the song together with the masks that they have designed and created. vermiform appendix 1 Old Pak Karim auxiliary 2 Pictures of different animals . Rationale / Justification for the selection of the poem. * Age * This poem is suitable with the targeted group which is Y ear 3 students. Not only that, I belief that this poem can be proposed to the students because the students will be able to comprehend its content.Adding to that, students of this age will enjoy this poem because its a narrative poem which tells a story on a trip to a zoo and revolves around animals. * Content * I feel that the content of this poem will engage the students and they will enjoy it because it is a narrative poem which narrates a trip to the zoo. So, directly it will provide a room for the students to develop their imagination regarding the topic. Not only that, the author has used simple language students will not face difficulties in understanding this poem. Adding to that, this poem contains only 6 stanzas with quaternary lines each.So the length of the poem will not bore the students and it is evident that students will be blase and demotivated if they are given a epic or long poem in this young age. Because, at this point of age, students will be looking forward for poems which is short in length but a quality one. The content of the poem revolves around a theme in the curriculum which is world of fellowship and it is applicable to Year 3 students as it gives information and students gain new knowledge from it. * Proficiency level * This poem is suitable with the students proficiency level.They will be able to digest and understand the meaning that is conveyed in the poem by the author. Not only that, students of this age will be able to appreciate this poem and will be able to take part in the activities that is done by teacher apply this poem. * Interest * Not only that, according to Hickman ( 2003 ) illustration, color, format, length and type of print can also work out childrens choice. A trip to the zoo could definitely influence and capture the students attention because of the illustration at the bottom of the poem.The illustrations are colourful and mind captivating. * Values * Apart from teaching the students with different ani mals that can be found in the zoo, teachers could instill moral values among the students through this poem. Teachers can list out and teach the students with several good values that need to be practiced by every human beings in the world such as love the animals, animals are humans best friend and so on. So using this poem teachers could mould the students into betterment. Lesson plan Date 21st March 2013 Time 10. 00 11. 00 amClass Year 3 Number of students 25 students Students level Mixed ability class Theme military personnel of Knowledge Topic A Trip To The Zoo Focused / Main skill Reading Integrated skills Listening, speaking, writing and language arts Curriculum Specification 1. 1. 3 Able to listen to, say aloud and recite rhymes, tongue twisters and sing songs paying attention to pronunciation, rhythm and intonation. 1. 1. 4 Able to talk about a stimulus with guidance. 2. 2. 2 Able to read and understand phrases and sentences in linear and non linear texts. General objective To expose students with different types of animals and have an interesting lesson using a poem. Specific Objectives By the end of the lesson, students should be able to 1. Listen and enjoy the song and take part in an oral activity with 100 % accuracy in pronunciation. 2. Understand the poem and be able to complete a task with 100 % accuracy. CCTS None Grammar Verbs ( Trick , Waddle , Chewing , Swing ) Vocabulary Muddy Pen, Cage, Feed, Rope. Teaching aids 1. Video Clips ( 1 song and 1 telly clip on Madagascar ) 2. Speakers 3. Computer 4. White posting 5.A big picture of a Zoo scenario 6. Task sheet 1 Moral values Love the animals. Previous knowledge Students are exposed to different kinds of animals that can be found in the mother earth. Stage / Time Content Teaching Learning activities Remarks / Rationale Set induction( +- 5 minutes ) Sing A song Entitled Going To The Zoo Tomorrow 1. Teacher enters the classroom and captures the students attention by asking them few question. Ex How are you feeling today? * Are you ready to learn today? * Can you name some animals that you are familiar with. 2.After that, the teacher plays a video clip on Going To The Zoo Tomorrow ( Refer to appendix 1 ) and gets the students to sing along. 3. Once the song has been sung, the teacher asks the students whether they enjoy the song and why they enjoy the song and then proceeds to the next stage of the lesson. Rationale The rationale for having a two way interaction during a set induction is to ensure that the students are ready physically and mentally. Having a two way communication will give a room for the students to speak out about themselves and motivates them to learn lessons that has been designed for them for that particular day.Adding to that, having a song in the set induction is a great way to ignite the interest among the students. Pre stage ( +- 10 minutes ) A Zoo Scenario 1. The teacher paste a big picture of a scenario at a Zoo ( Refe r to appendix 2 ) on the whiteboard. 2. Teacher will have to get the students to talk about the stimulus given. 3. Teacher should ask few questions as follows a ) What can you see in the picture? ( b ) Name the animals in the picture. ( c ) Do you alike(p) these animals? ( d ) which animal would u like to keep as a pet ? Why? 4. Teacher observes the students participation in the classroom. While stage ( +- 20 minutes ) Reading comprehension Muddy Pen, Cage, Trick, Waddle, Chewing, Swing 1. Teacher gets the students to descend down and distributes a reading text which is a poem entitled A Trip To The Zoo ( Refer to Appendix 3 ) 2. Teacher reads the poem and the students repeat after her/ him. 3. Teacher stops and explains the meanings of several difficult words which are the new grammar and vocabulary that the students might encounter in the poem. 4. Teacher ask the students to write down the meanings of the words by the side of the poem.5. Once the poem has been read, teacher ask few WH- question to the students. ( a ) Do you understand the poem? ( b ) Who wrote this poem? ( c ) How many animals are mentioned in the poem ? ( d ) What is the meaning of spank? ( e ) Which animal has a long pet and can reach very far ? ( f ) Which animal is so colourful and beautiful ? ( g ) what are the characteristics of these animals ? Rationale -This is to ensure that the students have comprehend and understand the poem very well. Post stage ( +- 20 Minutes ) Individual self assessment 1.Teacher distributes task sheet 1 ( Refer to Appendix 4 ) to each students. 2. Once the teacher is done with the distribution, she / he will have to give a clear instruction on what has to be done by the students. 3. Teacher walk around the classroom to monitor the students and guide them if they could not accomplish the task given. 4. After 15 minutes, teacher checks the serve together with the students. 5. Teacher point out certain student to read the question and the answer. 6. Students whom manage to get all correct answers will be rewarded with handclaps. RemarksTask sheet will be distributed together with a sheet of paper contains pictures of different animals ( Refer to appendix 5 ) Closure( +- 5 Minutes ) Lets watch a animated cartoon 1. Teacher asks the students whether they are ready to watch a cartoon. 2. Teacher puts up the cartoon / video clip on Madagascar. ( Refer to appendix 6 ). 3. Once the cartoon has end, teacher recalls the animals that they have learned for that day. Ex what are the animals that you saw in the cartoon ? * Do you want to go to a Zoo and watch these animals in the future, during the holidays perhaps.4. Teacher ends the lesson by instilling moral values among the students. Ex - You should always show some care and love towards the animals. Rationale The rationale of having the students to sing the song again is to end the lesson for that day in a more interesting way rather than ending the lesson with tons of homework . Appendix 1 Video clip Title We Are Going To The Zoo Tomorrow Appendix 2 Picture of Scenario at the Zoo Appendix 4 Paste the correct picture of animal in the space provided and write the name of the animal below the picture. 1. Huge animal in the world.It has a long trunk and it does tricks at the zoo. Which animal is this ? 2. Its feathers are so colorful and has a long neck. It walks slowly and beautifully. 3. This animal is so old and sleeps in a very muddy pen. They are so smelly. 4. He is the king of the jungle. He loves to eat meat. He sits on some big rocks in his cage. Who is this ? 5. It is the tallest animal in the world. It comes over and eats the food from our hand and has a long neck that he can reach far. 6. These animals waddle around in their cold spot. They are black in colour. 7. It do not have legs like other animals.It makes hiss sound and they are poisonous. 8. These animal swings in a rope and it swings way over the small ponds. Appendix 5 Pic tures of animals that need to be pasted in task sheet 1. Appendix 6 Video Clip on a cartoon Madagascar Appendix 3 Poem entitled A Trip To The Zoo A TRIP TO THE ZOO Author Deenadevy IT IS SUCH A splendid DAY WE WANT TO GO TO THE ZOO, PACK A PICNIC LUNCH GRAB A put on SEE LOTS OF ANIMALS BIRDS TOO. WE WILL STOP AND VISIT THE ELEPHANT WATCH THEM DO A TRICK OR TWO, WALK PAST THE ZEBRAS. THERE STANDS FOUR SEE THE PEACOCKFEATHERS SO BLUE. THERE LIES TWO older HIPPOPOTAMUS SLEEPING IN A VERY MUDDY PEN, WE SEE THE LION SITTING ON SOME ROCKS IN HIS CAGE I HAVE NEVER BEEN. WE GET TO FEED THE GIRAFFE HE COMES OVER AND EATS FROM OUR HAND, WITH HIS LONG NECK HE CAN REACH VERY FAR ON HIS TONGUE MY FINGERS OFTEN LAND.WE SEE LOTS OF SNAKES, TURTLES AND SPIDERS WE VISIT THE PENGUINS IN THEIR COLD SPOT, IT IS FUN TO WATCH THEM dabble AROUND FLY TO THE OUTSIDE, THEY CAN NOT. WE PAST BY THE CAMELS CHEWING SOME FEED SEE MONKEYS lightsome ON A ROPE, THEY SWING WAY OVER THE SMALL POND INTO T HE WATER, THEY NEVER FALL-I HOPE.

Knowledge, Attitude and Breast Cancer Screening Practices in Ghana Essay Example for Free

K nary(pre zero(prenominal)inal)ledge, Attitude and titmouse crabby person Screening Practices in Ghana EssayINTRODUCTION teat crabby person in its simplest definition is the send wordcer of titty create from raw stuff. It is the most common nonskin pubic louse that affects women in the f both in States and the senior highest urgency rates of crab louse deaths among women in low-resource countries (Anderson et al 2006). Severity of chest of drawers crabmeat differs ground on its level of tissue invasion. Ductal carcinoma in situ is the most common noninvasive pate crab louse bit infiltrating or invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common dummy pubic louse that accounts for about 80% of invasive bureau malignant neoplastic disease. pinhead lumps presentation is the comm peerlessst form of presentation regardless of the dresser genus pubic louse type (ACS 2005).Epidemiologic occurrenceors be attri moreovered to dietetic and environmental endangerment factors, although association of diet and white meat crab louse had varied results. Environmental hazard factors gather up the exposure to several toxic elements which accounts for the increased incidence of front malignant neoplastic disease in Western countries. alcohol in strickle is withal considered to effect in the increase of the number of cases in the US population. Age is as well considered as crabby person risk factor and can be attri scarceed to hormonal change. Genetic variation and ethnicity be not out of scope for the investigation of white meat crab louse risk factors (Barton 2005).Diagnosis and Pathology of tit cancer In 2002, bosom Health Global Initiative (BHGI) together with panel of converge cancer experts and uncomplaining advocates develop a consensus of recommendations for the diagnosis of tit cancer in limited-resource countries (Shyyan 2006). Histopathologic diagnosis include fine-needle aspiration biopsy which was recognised as the least e xpensive, core needle biopsy and surgical biopsy and had a consensus of choosing the method based on the approachability of tools and expertise. They gave emphasis on the cor congener of histopathology, clinical and imaging findings. They agreed on the need of histopathologic diagnosis in the take site detractor cancer preaching. In 2005, BHGI panel recommended an additional strategy of booby cancer management.They stratify diagnostic function and histopathology methods into basic, limited, enhance, and maximalfrom lowest to highest resources. Basic level includes aesculapian history of the patient, clinical pap exam, tissue diagnosis and medical exam record keeping. Limited level includes the increasing resources that enable diagnostic imaging custom such as ultrasound with or without mammography, tests that can evaluate metastasis, use of image-guided sampling and hormone sense organ sampling. Enhanced level includes diagnostic mammography, bone scanning and an ons ite cytologist. Maximal level includes mass showing mammography (Shyyan 2006). discourse of titmouse Cancer Treatment includes surgery, radiation or chem new(prenominal)apy or combinations of these three treatment modalities. jibe to American Cancer Society (2005), treatment can be local or systemic. Local treatment of the tumour is through with(p) without affecting the rest of the body. Surgery and radiation be examples of this treatment. On the other hand, systemic treatment which includes chemotherapy, hormone therapy and immunotherapy, is disposed(p) into the bloodstream or by mouth to reach the cancer cells that may stick disperse the beyond the white meat. Radiotherapy is a treatment of converge cancer with high-energy rays to tending slim down the cancer cells. It can be given outside of the body (external radiation) or can be dis plaza betokenly into the tumor as radio setactive materials (ACS 2005). It may be given external to the body. Radiotherapy requi res near and efficacious application requiring appropriate facilities, staff and equipment. Radiotherapy should be applied without delay, should be accessible to all moreover without prolongation of the overall treatment time exposure. It is part of an integral part of meet-conserving treatment. It is required in almost all women with the tit cancer, and therefore should be available (Bese 2006).Chemotherapy is the use of anticancer drugs that ar administered through with(predicate) injection in the vein or taken orally as a pill. It may be given before booby cancer surgery to reduce the size of the tumor or may be given after the surgery to reduce the chance of recurrence (ACS 2005).This treatment is done in cycle the most common of which is 3-6 months. Most common side effects of these drugs usually stop at one time the treatment is over such as in hair falling. Some of drugs used as chemotherapy be tamoxifen, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil doxorubicin, e pirubicin, taxane and aromatase . These atomic number 18 usually prescribed in combination, and treatment is done with adjuvant therapy such as radiotherapy and pre- and post operation ( Eniu 2006). running(a) management in breast cancer is very common. This is done to guide as much as the cancer as possible and to find out whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm. Surgery can alike restore the appearance of the breast and relieve the symptoms of advanced cancer. ACS (2005) released nigh of the common surgical procedures in breast cancer. These are lumpectomy, partial or segmental mastectomy, simple or total mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy and radical mastectomy.RESULTS mammilla cancer patients in Ghana. The present find out which included women with mean age population of 48 old age revealed an almost consistent perception with regards to breast cancer. They were alive(predicate) that breast cancer is highly increasing in their place but not i nformed of the find of disease. All of the responders were not assured of family breast cancer history ask out one. Information about breast cancer was acquired through television and radio plans. Only after consultation with doctors receivable to lumps or stock in their breast and some due to liquid coming out of their breast, that they were informed that they take on breast cancer. Most of them underwent breast tissue exam for confirmation of the disease.Afterwards, they were advised to undergo surgery with medical treatment. The responders were un experienceable of the breast cancer screen and ginmill. In fact, out of 10 responders, except 2 (20%) of them were witting of breast self mental test and clinical breast examination and admitted that they occasionally practice BSE. None of the responders knew about mammogram except for one (10%) of them who has heard of it but never had tried one. The feeling towards the knowledge of acquiring the disease was likewise the same the feeling of being a gist in the family was common.They were a cautiond(predicate) to face the reality but afford realized that they have to fight the disease through the elevatement and support of family members and serving of medical professionals. The sample population was aware of the herbalist and faith healers but they did not submit themselves into that kind of treatment be pass water herbalist have not proven cure for breast cancer. The most common complaint of the responders was the high damage of therapies, hospitalization and doctor fees.The treatment cost ranged to 250,000-24 million except to one of them who acquire a free treatment for being enrolled to a clinical trial. Sentiments of the participants were the same. Delay of treatment was attributed to their distant place from the wellness clinics some facilities wish well x-ray were not available in the clinics and high cost of treatment. These hoi polloi asked for the betterment of breast cancer ma nagement through education dissemination to the community by health get by providers and a help from the governing to provide financial support to those who cannot afford to submit themselves for treatment.Patients in breast cancer clinic. In this part of the need, women with mean age of 42 old age who were in breast cancer clinic were included. Most common medical complaint was lump and pain in the breast while others submit themselves for display because they have just heard it from the radio/TV. The study revealed that women who were reckoning the clinic were not really informed of the cause breast cancer but aware of its increasing rate of mortality. Misconception about the cause of breast cancer such as exposure to coins was not common but did not rise the form of trauma due to manipulation of the breast. Others correlate breast cancer with smoking and taking strong beverages.They were not aware of their family history of breast cancer. Information regarding breast can cer was acquired through television and radio programs and others were through their friends and family members. Most of the respondents believed that primordial attainion and prompt treatment of the disease can pr tear downt the admonishing outcome of breast cancer such as removal of their breast or the worst would be cancer death.Only one out of 10 participants (10%) actually practice breast self examination (BSE). Most of them were informed of BSE but not actually practicing it. They were also aware of healers and herbalist but they did not believe that they can cure breast cancer but did not disagree of the hap that herbalist and healers could treat other diseases or illnesses like hypertension.The participants suggested that it would be better if the government would provide or establish more health care clinics for breast cancer screening and provide free screening programs oddly to those who cannot afford to pay for high cost of treatment of the disease and for an open-e asy access to all especially to those in unpolished areas. One of the participants suggested that doctors should study further about the treatment of breast cancer rather of resorting to breast surgery.Healers involved in breast cancer management. Many of the population of Ghana are distillery patronizing healers and herbalist as a resort of treatment. Two healers from Ghana were interviewed regarding their management of breast cancer. The healers have been into this practice for about 20-50 years. jibe to them, breast cancer is very common in Ghana and they are aware of the increasing incidence of the disease. They described breast cancer as an obosam disease and the other was a supernatural disease. Healers believed that their ability to cure the disease inherited from their forefathers who taught them how to prepare herbs and provide them with dwarfs.They believed that doctors have no remunerate treatment towards breast cancer because according to them they just remove the b reasts of women and subsequently die. According to the healers they do not promote breast examinations to their patients because these are useless and cannot stop women from getting the disease. Despite the big machines available in the hospitals, women with breast cancer still die, according to them.Healers charge their patients with as much as 200,000-1(15-60) million depending on the patients condition. The healers admitted that there were cases of recurrence of the disease due to lost to follow up and missed spiritual sessions. Healers do not refer patients to hospitals rather, they encourage hospital doctors to refer their patients to healers because they are more capable of treating breast cancer. front cancer consultants. aesculapian health professionals interpret a significant role in the knowingness of breast cancer. They have the power to influence their patients toward right management of the disease. In the present study, surgeon/breast cancer consultants were intervie wed. Consultants as expected were aware of the increasing incidence of breast cancer but they cannot give an submit figure due to absence of cancer regis study in the place however they were able to attend to 200-300 new cases of breast cancer annually with age range starting from 20 years and above. They revealed that women in Ghana associate breast cancer to death because after undergoing breast caner surgery they usually die. hoi polloi in Ghana link medical incumbrance and death which made the women in this place afraid of the disease and lead them to negative emplacement towards the disease. Consultants believed that there were several misconceptions about the disease. They were also aware that healers and herbalist delay the presentation of patients to hospital which accounted for the late stage of diagnosis. National Screening Program would benefit the throng in Ghana for early detection of breast cancer and prompt treatment, however, they did not deny the fact it would b e difficult to establish such program due to lack of funds by the government at present time. Consultants were aware of the limited resources of the needed for the implementation of the program.They believe that it is much easier and feasible to train the women on simple screening methods such as regular breast self examination and encourage practitioners to take advantage of examining the breasts of their patients. there are also NGOs who are eng gray in some activities like providing health care assistance. Consultants revealed that they receive referrals from district regions and from private practitioners. All patients with breast cancer are candidates for surgery. thither are just some procedures that lead to untoward incident which cause the people to blame the doctors. According to consultants, one big problem that they encounter is the delay of the result of tissue exam from the pathologists which sometimes lead them to acquire the high cost of private laboratory. Accordin g to consultants the 5-year survival rate in Ghan is 25% which is disappointing.According to radiology consultant, patients present themselves to treatment once they are already in advanced stage, most at stage 3 and 4. They revealed the common factors that influence the delay of treatment among Ghana women. Most of the patients were scared of the procedure of breast cancer treatment like in breast surgery which have many brotherly and marriage implications.The high cost of the procedure hinders the patient to go to the doctors. Consultants revealed that surgical procedure may cost 2-3million ( 150-200), radiotherapy is about 3-4 million ( 200-300) and chemotherapy is around 6 million (400). Although surgical treatment cost is cover in National Health Insurance, the cost of radiotherapy and chemotherapy are excluded. Mammography which is an effective tool in breast cancer screening costs 400,000 (30) in private health institution and around 250,000 (20).DISCUSSION WITH look backw ard OF RELATED LITERATURES The present study aimed to increase the awareness of the women in Ghana to breast cancer and the benefits that can be gained from breast cancer screening. The knowledge, attitude, behavior and practices of the women regarding early detection of breast cancer were analyzed. The ultimate aim of the study was to reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer. The study revealed that there were still misconceptions about breast cancer despite the breeding gathered from televisions and radio programs. Attendance of Ghanaian women in breast clinic did not mean that they were informed of the nature of their disease. Only few of them were also aware of pr eventidetive procedure in detecting breast cancer. Local healers and spiritualists also delayed the presentation of the patients to the hospital which resultd to the late diagnosis of the disease. variation in the disease management of health professionals can be attributed to the location of practice and availabi lity of resources.several(prenominal) factors thought to affect the breast cancer screening program were the poor education of the Ghanaian towards prevention awareness against breast cancer lack of initiative of the people to spread the knowledge of breast cancer screening such as simple breast self examination and clinical breast examination the inaccessibility of the of primary health care and the organizers the unavailability of the appropriate screening tools like x-ray and mammography in the community and its high cost and the lack of support from the government.The following review of related literatures will help in the understanding of breast cancer and breast cancer screening.Because of the continuous increasing prevalence of breast cancer and high cost of treatment, breast cancer screening remains the most cost effective way of cancer management (Parkin and Fernandez 2006).Most of the realism faces resource constraints that hinder the capacity to improve early detection, prompt diagnosis and sufficient treatment of the breast cancer. Every country finds its way to develop testify based, economically feasible and culturally appropriate guidelines that can be utilized by countries of limited health care resources to improve breast cancer outcomes (Anderson 2006).Adaptive strategies should be applied to ease the growing burden of breast cancer. In 2005, according to Smith and his colleagues (2006), the pap Health Global Initiative (BHGI) held its second summit in Bethesda, MD with the intention of reaffirming the principle of requiring all women of all resource levels to support in desire health care and assuring the access to affordable and appropriate diagnostic tests and treatment intervention against breast cancer. They recommended breast health awareness to all women including the basic resources. They enhanced the basic facilities for effective training of relevant staff in clinical breast examination (CBE) or breast self examination and even the feasibility of mammography.MRI Magnetic resonance imaging is one of the breast cancer screening procedures. It has been increasingly used as tool for early diagnosis of breast cancer. This screening tool has shown to detect cancers even they are small and strengthly proven to be more curable than mammography alone.However, MRI is more costly than mammography and can lead to unnecessary breast biopsies, thus causing anxiety and discomfort to patient. On the other hand, a research study about the cost-effectiveness of breast MRI screening by cancer risk where they included the cancer detection ability of MRI, characteristics of women with dense breast tissue and women with high inherited breast cancer risk, revealed mortality diminution and cost effectiveness of breast MRI screening added to mammography in BRCA1 and BRCA2 magnetic variation carriers (Kurian 2006). The hallmark of morality and morbidity of breast cancer can be attributed to the late presentation of the patient s at an advanced stage of breast cancer. It is when there is no or little benefit that can be derived from any treatment modality. In a study conducted by Okobia and colleagues (2006), the knowledge, attitude and practice of community dwellers of Nigeria towards breast cancer were analyzed.They recruited urban-dwelling women with conducted an interviewer-administered questionnaires to elicit sociodemographic info regarding knowledge, attitude and practice towards breast cancer. It was found out that the participants had poor knowledge of breast cancer. Only 214 out of 1000 participants knew that breast cancer is presented initially with breast lumps. Breast cancer examination practices were low. Only 432 participants were able carry out breast self examination while only 91 participants had clinical breast examination. This study revealed that participants with higher level of education were significantly more knowledgeable about breast cancer.Ethnicity or race-related culture and beliefs are factors that affect the increase in prevalence of breast cancer mortality. Paterniti (2006) investigated how ethnically diverse women who are eligible for tamoxifen prophylaxis because of their breast cancer risk locate about tamoxifen use for risk reduction. Prior to the study, there was discussion of the benefits and risks of tamoxifen as prophylaxis.The study which included African-American, White, and Latina women, of 6178 years, revealed that fear of breast cancer was not prominent and they were not attached to take tamoxifen as preventive therapy after receiving the information. Participants showed limited unwillingness to take the medication with potential adverse effects. This study revealed that women felt that they had other options other than taking the risk of tamoxifen to reduce their risk of breast cancer, including early detection, diet, faith and other alternative therapies. Graham (2002) conducted a research about the affinity between beliefs and pra ctice of breast self examination (BSE in a black women population of 20-49 years of age. It was found out that health beliefs were much stronger in determining BSE performance for a given individual than were demographic characteristics. Breast self examination was related to increased perceived seriousness of breast cancer, benefit of the procedure and health motivation and was noted to have inverse relationship with perceived barriers.A related study was reported by Mitchell and colleagues (2002), about the effects of religious beliefs with other variables on breast cancer screening and the intended presentation of self-discovered breast lump. This study included women aging 40 years and above and were interviewed in their homes. Most of the interviewees believed that doctors cure breast cancer with Gods intervention which was designate as religious intervention with treatment. This dimension was found out to be correlated with self-reported mammography but no clinical breast exa mination or intention to delay presentation of self-discovered breast lump.nonage of them believed treatment of breast cancer was unnecessary because only God could cure the disease which was labeled as religious intervention in place of treatment, and was significantly more common among African-American women who are less educated and older. This was correlated with the strong intention of delaying the presentation of self-discovered breast lump. It was concluded that religious intervention in place of treatment contributes significantly the delay presentation of breast cancer among African-American that contribute largely to the advanced-stage cancer diagnosis.The cause of breast cancer is still unclear. Adjei (2006) who grew up in Ghan and had some sketch about breast cancer. In his letter, he revealed his sentiments about the genetic differences in breast cancer. He had been aware of the incidence of breast cancer in Ghana since 1974 to 1999.He noted that the peak incidence of breast cancer in Ghana is in younger women with age range of 40-45 years while in United States and Caucasians, the peak incidence is in older age groups. Adjei (2006) pointed out that women of different places and environments, with different diets have similar epidemiology of breast cancer. In an argument which revealed number of breast cancer in African-Americans but rare in native African has been used to suggest that ethnicity is one factor of acquiring the disease, however, according to Adjei (2006), this information is leading because cancer has not been well-studied in Africa.Researchers are still finding their ship canal to fully transgress the correlation of genetic hint in breast tumors that are presently noted to be a powerful predictor of cancer spread and cancer death. In a limited study conducted by Kolata (2002), she included few patients who are relatively. As she state in her report, scientists said that the activity of a gathering of 70 genes appear to predic t cancer mortality better than traditional measures like tumor size, cancer stage or lymph node spread to the axilla of women. She revealed in her study that 5.5% of women with good genetic signature died within the next decade while 45% of women are those of with bad genetic signatures.Adherence to the treatment regimen of breast cancer plays a big role in the improvement of disease outcome. There are no much literature about the factors associated to the behavior that influence the patient to delay or cause an incomplete adherence to the recommended follow up in patients with breast cancer. In a study conducted by Kaplan (2006), race/ethnicity, country of birth, financial issues fear of pain and difficulty of communicating with the healthcare providers are the barriers to seek follow up consultationBreast Cancer Screening There was decline in breast cancer mortality rate of 0.9% in African American women while 2.1% was the decline in breast cancer mortality rate in non-Hispanic Wh ite women (Stewart et al 2004 as stated by Settersten , Dopp, and Tjoe, (2005). On the contrary, De Koning (2000), questioned in his study the cost effectiveness of breast cancer screening. His idea came out when he analyzed his expectations of the reduction of breast cancer mortality after breast cancer screening. He stated in his study that the Dutch program of 2-yearly screening for women aged 50-70 would produce a 16% reduction in the total population.As stated in his research paper, the actual benefit that can be achieved from breast cancer screening programs is overstated. According to him breast cancer screening need to be carefully balanced against the burden to women and health care system. De Koning (2000) stated that effects of breast cancer screening program depend on many factors such as epidemiology of the disease, the health care system, costs of health care, superior of the screening program and the attendance rate.Groot, M. T. et al (2006) estimated the costs and health effects of breast cancer interventions in epidemiologically different regions of Africa, North America and Asia. They developed a mathematical simulation model of breast cancer using the different stages of cancer, its distribution and case fatality rates in the absence and nominal head of treatment as predictors of survival. The study resulted to a conclusion that untreated patients were the most sensitive to case fatality rates. This study suggest that treating breast cancer at stage 1 and introduction of an extensive breast cancer program are the most cost effective breast cancer interventions. This study is support by the research done by Aylin and colleagues (2005). They recruited women at the mammography clinic to evaluate the knowledge about breast cancer and mammography as breast cancer screening procedure. The striking result of this study is that most of the participants (95.3% of the total participants) were aware that women should have mammography screening perio dically. They were informed of the fact that breast cancer screening such as mammography could help in the early detection of breast cancer. However, less than 50% of them admitted that they had never had mammography screening.Majority of the respondents (71.1%) were practicing breast self-examination. another(prenominal) related study was conducted by Dundar and colleagues (2006), since breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Turkey , they determined the t the knowledge and attitudes of women in a sylvan area in westerly Turkey about breast self examination and mammography.They recruited women with age ranging from 20-64 years. Although majority of the participants have heard or read about breast cancer only 56.1% of them had sufficient knowledge about breast cancer and some admitted that they acquired the information from their health care professionals. Those with information of beast cancer were also those who practice breast self examination. This study revealed that health care professionals play a big role in information dissemination about breast cancer.Table 1. Recommendations for routine mammographic screening in North American women aged 40 years or older who are at average risk for breast cancer*Group (date of recommendations)Frequency of screening (yr)Included ages (yr)40-4950-6970Government-sponsored and private groupsUS Preventive Services labour Force (2002)**1-2YesYesYes***Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health finagle (1998, 1999, 2001)1-2NoYesNoNational Institutes of Health consensus conference (1997)No+American Cancer Society (1997)1YesYesYesNational Cancer Institute (2002)1-2YesYesYesMedical societiesAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2000)1-2 if aged 40-49 yr1 if aged 50 yrYesYesYesAmerican Medical Association (1999)1YesYesYesAmerican College of Radiology (1998)1YesYesYesAmerican College of Preventive Medicine (1996)1-2NoYesYesAmerican Academy of Family Physicians (2001)1-2No+YesNoAmerican Ger iatrics Society (1999)1-2Yes***Advocacy groupsNational Breast Cancer Coalition (2000)No+NoNational Alliance of Breast Cancer Organizations (2002)1YesYesYesSusan B. Komen base of operations (2002)1YesYesYesThe above table was taken from the study conducted by Barton (2005)There are several ways presented and studied for breast cancer screening. Its concern is to reduce the prevalence of cancer mortality and to improve the bore of life as a result of early detection, however, there are still people that are not aware of breast cancer screeningIn response to increase the worldwide awareness of breast cancer, breast cancer advocacy movement has been analyzing the common experiences of women with breast cancer around the world especially those with limited resources. They found out that although there are language barriers, sentiments were consistent across cultures cancer survivors have the same experiences and fears. The beliefs and taboos about breast cancer hinder the awareness pro grams and treatment. There are also limited resources for public education and awareness. Difficulty in understanding and translating the concept of the disease into English also hinders them in the public awareness of breast cancer (Errico and Rowden 2006).In accordance with this, sociological review of the barriers undergo by the women from different traditional cultures is essential not just to understand patterns of late breast cancer diagnosis but also the importance of interventions and programs. This is necessary for them to understand the preventive health care, specifically in breast cancer. This is because many are still ignorant of the breast cancer. According to Remennick (2006), health care providers and policymakers should try to understand and influence women especially those who are cancer risk to be aware of the disease to detect and treat breast cancer early. There are many structural barriers that hinder women especially those upkeep in rural areas.Socioeconomic factors include poor health insurance, distance to medical facilities and inability to take time off work. Organizational barriers include difficulty in navigating complex health care systems and interacting with medical staff. Psychological and sociocultural barriers are poor health motivation, denial of personal risk, fatalism mistrust of cancer treatments and fear of becoming a burden on the family members.Still in other cultural behavior, especially in Muslims, women are strongly controlled by men and therefore may prohibit women in breast cancer screening. Remennick (2006) includes in his study the different approaches that debase the mentioned barriers, including implementation of uplifting the educational programs that would enlighten people regarding cancer myths and fallacies. He suggests that health care professional must outreach to their co ethnics.Primary health care providers play a critical role in determining the compliance with treatment and preventive practices t hrough direct recommendations to their patients. Family medical students and general internists showed that 70% of women who received a provider referral completed a screening mammography within one year versus only 18% of self-referred women (Grady et al 1997 as stated by Santora 2003). However, Over 90% of rural women report that a doctors recommendation to have breast cancer screening is important (Sparks et al 1996 as stated by Santora 2003).It should be noted that clinician compliance is contributed by several factors such as relation with provider, guideline of the treatment, patients behavior and environmental factors. Several studies have been conducted to report the differences of health function in rural, urban and suburban areas with regards to their health care services in the family practice clinics. It has been pointed out that lower utilization has been a significant factor. Those rural health practitioners have less access to health care services. In a study done b y Pol and his colleagues (2001), suggested that rural health services do not lag for patients with access after revealing that 9 out of 16 services examined were as high or higher in rural areas.Another study to examine the variations in breast cancer screening among primary care clinicians by geographic location of clinical practice was done by Santora (2003). Physicians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants were included in the study and were classified into urban, rural and suburban categories based upon practice location. The study revealed that although there was no significant difference in the practice location, there was diaphanous variation in the practice of breast screening.It was reported that urban and suburban health practitioners were less willing with the use of breast cancer guidelines as compared to clinicians in rural areas. Primary care clinicians, including physicians, nurse practitioners and physicians assistants lack a consistent. This study revealed that geographical location is not the main factor of conflicting medical approach to breast cancer screening. Although the difference in the approaches to the procedure is uncertain in this study.A related study about General Practitioners (GPs) knowledge, beliefs and attitudes toward breast screening, and their association with practice based-organizations of breast cancer screening, was conducted by Bekker, Morrisona and Marteau (1999). 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